Benchmark Report: Living Wage Report and 2025 Update for Non-Metropolitan São Paulo State, Brazil

This report provides updated estimates of family living expenses and the living wage in the citrus belt in the State of São Paulo. The 2025 update takes into account inflation and changes in payroll deductions since the original Anker living wage study carried out in February 2020 (De Freitas Barbosa, Cordeiro, Barbosa & Bowen, 2020).